Asperger’s Syndrome is often characterized by hypersensitivity to certain sensory input as with autism.
Students may be unable to tolerate the texture of their clothes against their skin, for instance, or the sound of the radiator, or any number of sensory stimuli. These sensory issues can lead to behaviors which greatly disrupt the entire class. The actual sensory issue varies by the individual, so it’s important for teachers to identify the source of the irritation. Once the source of the irritation is identified, steps must be taken to lessen its impact on the student. Study carrels, which remove the student somewhat from distracting stimuli, can be very effective in lessening this issue.
While some students with Asperger’s Syndrome shows hypersensitivities to sensory stimuli, others show the exact opposite: hyposensitivities. Students with hyposensitivities are overly tolerant of sensory stimuli (loud noises, temperature, flashing lights, etc.). This only becomes an issue when the student creates or sustain a stimuli that everyone else finds irritating. Vocalizing, or making loud noises, is a common manifestation of this issue. More often than not, the student is not meaning any harm. They are simply hyposensitive to the sensory input, and are unaware that it may be irritating to others. Try not to be harsh or snap at the student if this happens. A simple verbal reminder is generally sufficient.
Sensory stimuli may present a challenge for the classroom, but they may also be used as a valuable tool for helping students with Asperger’s Syndrome calm down. Techniques will vary based on the student’s individual needs. For example, some students are calmed by movement (rocking, jumping, bouncing on a pilates ball, etc.). Others are calmed by tangible sensations, like touching certain textures of surfaces, chewing, weighted vests, etc. It’s important to find out what sort of sensory integration your student needs to be successful. Be cautious: an excess of any of these inputs may become overstimulating and lead to other problems.